RECORDING 1
DATE/TIME: 13/september/2008 (11.30 a.m.) - IDENTIFICATION AND BEHAVIOUR: the wren is cached in a thick underbrush (mainly Prunus spinosa) near an oak copse. - POSITION: Mount Labbro, LAT. N. 42 48'/LONG. E 11 33' - ALTITUDE: +1000 m. - VOCALIZATION TYPE: alarm/anxious call - SEX/AGE: unknown - MIC: (P)
recording 1 (930 KB) - * - spectrogram 1 (52 KB)
RECORDING 2
DATE/TIME: 21/march/2004 (12 a.m.) - IDENTIFICATION AND BEHAVIOUR: the wren is in a thick underbrush near the border of an oak wood. - POSITION: Poderone near Magliano in Toscana, LAT.N 42 36'/LONG.E 11 17'- ALTITUDE: +130 m. - VOCALIZATION TYPE: full song - SEX/AGE: adult male - MIC: (U)
recording 2 (173 KB) - * - spectrogram 2 (35 KB)
RECORDING 3
DATE/TIME: 14/february/2007 (6 a.m.) - IDENTIFICATION AND BEHAVIOUR: the wren - not in sight - is in a thick deciduous wood. - POSITION: Poderone near Magliano in Toscana, LAT.N 42 36'/LONG.E 11 17'- ALTITUDE: +130 m. - VOCALIZATION TYPE: full song - SEX/AGE: adult male - COMMENT: In the audio sample you can hear two loud song phrases. In the spectrograms the second phrase is represented by two figures. Background: Green woodpecker and Goldfinch calls (between 8" - 12") - MIC: (A)
recording 3 (608 KB) - * - spectrogram 3 (72 KB)
RECORDING 4
DATE/TIME: 31/march/2011 (6.30 a.m.) - IDENTIFICATION AND BEHAVIOUR: the wren - not in sight - is in a maquis on a steep rocky coast of Argentario. - POSITION: Cala Moresca, Argentario, LAT.N 42°25'/LONG.E 11°05'- ALTITUDE: +100 m. - VOCALIZATION TYPE: full song - SEX/AGE: adult male - COMMENT: compare this typical song with the following recording made on Giannutri island, only 17 km from the Argentario peninsula. - MIC: (P)
recording 4 (703 KB) - * - spectrogram 4 (125 KB)
RECORDING 5
DATE/TIME: 4/may/2011 (2 p.m.) - IDENTIFICATION AND BEHAVIOUR: the wren - in sight - is in a typical maquis with evergreen bushes and small trees on the top of the island. - POSITION: Giannutri island, Grosseto province, LAT.N 42°15'/LONG.E 11°06'- ALTITUDE: +60 m. - VOCALIZATION TYPE: full song - SEX/AGE: adult male - COMMENT: An unusually slow song with a strange beginning of each song phrase. Compare with the previous recording. An insular dialect ? Background: far calls of Yellow-legged Gull. - MIC: (P)
recording 5 (1634 KB) - * - spectrogram 5 (192 KB)
RECORDING 6
DATE/TIME: 15/april/2012 (4.30 p.m.) - IDENTIFICATION AND BEHAVIOUR: the wren - not in sight - is in a small copse along the bank of Merse river. It is hidden in a thick bush. - POSITION: River Merse near S. Lorenzo a Merse, Siena province, LAT.N 43°09'/LONG.E 11°17'- ALTITUDE: +160 m. - VOCALIZATION TYPE: alarm calls - SEX/AGE: unknown - COMMENT: The audio sample was slightly reduced in the final part (see spectrograms). Background: Magpie and Mallard. - MIC: (P)
recording 6 (672 KB) - * - spectrogram 6 (126 KB)
RECORDING 7
DATE/TIME: 7/january/2012 (1 p.m.) - IDENTIFICATION AND BEHAVIOUR: the wren - not in sight - is in a mixed wood near an old abandoned mine. - POSITION: Selvena, Grosseto province, LAT.N 42°46'/LONG.E 11°39'- ALTITUDE: +800 m. - VOCALIZATION TYPE: calls - SEX/AGE: unknown - COMMENT: Wind noise on background. - MIC: (P)
recording 7 (237 KB) - * - spectrogram 7 (55 KB)
RECORDING 8
DATE/TIME: 15/april/2012 (5.30 p.m.) - IDENTIFICATION AND BEHAVIOUR: the wren (probably the same bird as for Recording 6) - not in sight - is in a small copse along the bank of Merse river. It is hidden in a thick bush. - POSITION: River Merse near S. Lorenzo a Merse, Siena province, LAT.N 43°09'/LONG.E 11°17'- ALTITUDE: +160 m. - VOCALIZATION TYPE: alarm calls - SEX/AGE: unknown - COMMENT: Marsh Tit on background. - MIC: (P)
recording 8 (448 KB) - * - spectrogram 8 (89 KB)
RECORDING 9
DATE/TIME: 7/september/2013 (7.15 a.m.) - IDENTIFICATION AND BEHAVIOUR: The bird (not in sight) is in a mixed mature forest bordered by cultivated land. - POSITION: Michelbouch, Luxembourg, LAT.N 49°49'/LONG.E 6°02' - ALTITUDE: +350 m. - VOCALIZATION TYPE: calls and song - SEX/AGE: unknown - COMMENT: The song (recorded with an authomatic apparatus) seems an attempt of a young bird, maybe a song not fully crystallized. Background: some drops of rain. - MIC: (WA)
recording 9 (776 KB) - * - spectrogram 9 (191 KB)
RECORDING 10
DATE/TIME: 14/november/2014 (5 p.m.) - IDENTIFICATION AND BEHAVIOUR: The bird (well in sight) is perched on a small tree in a garden of a village near a road. - POSITION: Monterongriffoli, Siena province, LAT.N 43°09'/LONG.E 11°34' - ALTITUDE: +290 m. - VOCALIZATION TYPE: calls. - SEX/AGE: unknown - COMMENT: Robin and Firecrest on background. - MIC: (P)
recording 10 (177 KB) - * - spectrogram 10 (54 KB)
RECORDING 11
DATE/TIME: 3/may/2015 (4 p.m.) - IDENTIFICATION AND BEHAVIOUR: The bird (not in sight) is in a mixed wood on a mountainside. - POSITION: Monte Aquilaia near Stribugliano, Grosseto province, LAT.N 42°51'/LONG.E 11°28' - ALTITUDE: +980 m. - VOCALIZATION TYPE: full song. - SEX/AGE: adult male. - COMMENT: Note the considerable length of the song phrase. Background: Firecrest and Chiffchaff song. - MIC: (P)
recording 11 (200 KB) - * - spectrogram 11 (48 KB)
RECORDING 12
DATE/TIME: 18/july/2016 (5.45 p.m.) - IDENTIFICATION AND BEHAVIOUR: The bird (in sight) is perched in a small bush at the foot of a big tree in the forest of Bialowieza National Park. - POSITION: Bialowieza, Poland, LAT. N. 52°42' / LONG. E 23°51' - ALTITUDE: +165 m - VOCALIZATION TYPE: full song. - SEX/AGE: adult male. - COMMENT: Nuthatch on background. - MIC: (A)
recording 12 (144 KB) - * - spectrogram 12 (47 KB)
RECORDING 13
DATE/TIME: 18/july/2016 (6.15 p.m.) - IDENTIFICATION AND BEHAVIOUR: Two birds (in sight) are perched in the grass at the foot of a big tree in the forest of Bialowieza National Park. - POSITION: Bialowieza, Poland, LAT. N. 52°42' / LONG. E 23°51' - ALTITUDE: +165 m - VOCALIZATION TYPE: alarm call and contact call. - SEX/AGE: unknown. - COMMENT: At the beginning of the audio sample there are seven grating alarm calls from the first bird and then a long series of contact/excited calls from the second one (see spectrograms). This audio is part of a longer recording, see spectrogram time axis to check for lenght of cut parts. Background: Wren calls. - MIC: (A)
recording 13 (391 KB) - * - spectrogram 13 (190 KB)
RECORDING 14
DATE/TIME: 19/july/2016 (3.30 p.m.) - IDENTIFICATION AND BEHAVIOUR: The Wren - not in sight - is hidden in a thick mixed forest (mainly deciduous). - POSITION: Kosy Most, Poland, LAT. N. 52°48' / LONG. E 23°49' - ALTITUDE: +160 m - VOCALIZATION TYPE: full song. - SEX/AGE: adult male. - COMMENT: Note that the bird alternates longer and shorter song phrases. The audio sample is part of a longer recording. See spectrogram time axis to check for cut parts. - MIC: (A)
recording 14 (280 KB) - * - spectrogram 14 (110 KB)
RECORDING 15
DATE/TIME: 13/february/2019 (7.15 a.m.) - IDENTIFICATION AND BEHAVIOUR: The bird - not in sight - is perched on the bank of an artificial lake in a willow copse. - POSITION: Perotto Lake (an artificial basin with a dam), LAT.N 42 37'/LONG.E 11 15'- ALTITUDE: +70 m. - VOCALIZATION TYPE: contact call. - SEX/AGE: unknown - COMMENT: This is the most typical call of the species. There is a cut part in the recording (see spectrogram time axis). Background: Magpie, Great Tit. This recording was made with an unattended automatic apparatus. - MIC: (WA)
recording 15 (65 KB) - * - spectrogram 15 (28 KB)
RECORDING 16
DATE/TIME: 1/march/2021 (5.45 p.m.) - IDENTIFICATION AND BEHAVIOUR: The bird - not in sight - is perched on the bank of an artificial lake in a willow copse. - POSITION: Perotto Lake (an artificial basin with a dam), LAT.N 42 37'/LONG.E 11 15'- ALTITUDE: +70 m. - VOCALIZATION TYPE: full song. - SEX/AGE: adult male - COMMENT: The first song phrase was recorded theerteen hours before the second one. Note the absolute similarity between these two phrases, probably uttered by the same bird. The third phrase, shorter than the former ones, was uttered nine minutes after the second, maybe by the same or by a different bird. This recording was made with an unattended automatic apparatus. - MIC: (WA)
recording 16 (174 KB) - * - spectrogram 16 (90 KB)
RECORDING 17
DATE/TIME: 28/may/2022 (9.45 a.m.) - IDENTIFICATION AND BEHAVIOUR: The bird - not in sight - is perched in a deciduous forest with old trees inside a tuff rocky valley. - POSITION: Barbarano Romano, Viterbo, LAT.N 42 26'/LONG.E 12 08'- ALTITUDE: +350 m. - VOCALIZATION TYPE: full song. - SEX/AGE: adult male - COMMENT: The forest is inside the Marturanum Archeological Park. The spectrogram of the first four song phrases are quite blurred, because the bird was hidden inside the foliage and the recording was made with a directional microphone. The audio sample was stopped for one minute (see spectrograms). - MIC: (built in directional microphone of Tascam DR100-MKIII)
recording 17 (564 KB) - * - spectrogram 17 (186 KB)